《憶昔》英譯四稿

憶昔  血燃冰(原名宋詠秋)

 

REMINISCENCE 

pen name Blood Burning Ice

original name Yongqiu Song 

 

憶昔徙流日,登船別古吳。

I have never forgot the days of exile trip, 

Since I left my native town aboard a ship.

 

辛酸雙目淚,蕭瑟一肩書。

My eyes were filled with bitter tears,  

A heavy bag of books on shoulder close by ears.

 

城郭望中遠,煙雲眼底舒。

The city wall looked dimmer and dimmer; 

The clouds grew thicker and thicker.

 

飛鷗如眷眷,逝水似徐徐。

The gulls lingered about, longing to stay; 

The water flowed slowly, reluctant to go away.

 

野店吞芋粥,茅棚偎草蒲。

In a hash house, to eat something cheap;

In a thatched shack, on straw to sleep.

 

北辰看漸近,南語覺來疏。

The North Star looked so near, 

My southern tongue strange to others’ ear.

 

孤苦妒鴻雁,凄涼聞鷓鴣。

So solitary as to envy groups of wild geese;

So heart-rending to hear the bitter cry of partridges never to cease.

 

廢河塵土暗,荒地稼禾蕪。

The soil in the dry river so dark;

The barren wasteland stiff and starck.

 

沼澤蟠蛇蟒,蘆灘竄鼬狐。

Snakes hidden in the swamps;

The marshes – weasels’ and foxes’ camps.

 

檢蓮高七尺,鹵水溢千湖。

The wild lotus seven feet high growing,  

The brine the lakes overflowing.

 

五月花何在?三春草未甦。

No flowers at all in May;

Grasses still asleep when spring would soon go away.

 

咸知邊地冷,詎料異鄉殊。

The cold on the frontier for everyone to fear;

But who could expect the hardships here?

 

科罪成渣滓,流人變鬼巫。

The criminals treated as dregs; 

The banished regarded as bad eggs.

 

同眠屠狗輩,共食竊雞徒。

Those sleeping with me were butchers; 

Those dining with me were poachers.

 

狼狽欺羊弱,雞鵝笑鶴孤。

A weak lamb for wolves to flay; 

Fowls laugh at a crane stray.

 

不愁容膝臥,只恨是囚居。

A small bedroom, never I care;

But a prisonI can’t bear

 

饕虱行兵馬,雷蚊列陣圖。

The greedy lice seeking for their prey; 

The voracious mosquitoes in battle array.

 

時時見毆鬥,處處聽咋呼。

Fierce fights now and then to fear; 

Shocking shouts far and near.

 

襤褸衣衫破,嶙峋骨肉臒。

All were shabby and ragged; 

Everyone thin and haggard.

 

老拳眼前晃,穢語耳中淤。

To see ferocious fists terrible; 

To hear vile curses intolerable.

 

刮桶搜餘粒,伸盤乞剩糊。

Rice buckets to empty, no matter what taste; 

Bowls to stretch for remnant paste.

 

可憐貧閱歷,尚幸別賢愚。

Various aspects of society unknown to me;

Various treatments of criminals without decree.

 

Q蹲南面,華威臥北隅。

Some squatting in the south; 

Others sleeping in the north.

 

饞涎流口角,亂髮滿頭顱。

Mouth watering for something to eat;

With dishevelled hair, the head being complete.

 

上下唆仇恨,弟兄相陷誣。

Hetred between superiors and inferiors at high flood;

False charges between brothers by blood.

 

胸懷空坦蕩,血口諑卑污。

My broad-mindedness useless at all; 

Venomous slanders still like snow flakes on me fall.

 

下筆生災禍,開言獲罪辜。

Disasters from the pen offensive;

Troubles out of the mouth not to forgive.

 

口誅千手指,筆伐半年逾。

Insulted with public condemnation; 

Suffering long-term poster denunciation.

 

潑墨烏雲亂,渾身濁唾濡。

Ink splashed as dark clouds; 

Turbid saliva all over spit by crowds.

 

含沙莫須有,捕影豈躊躇。

Groundless insinuations collected; 

Absurd accusations unexpected.

 

掘土五方日,披荒萬畝餘。

Digging soil five cubic daily as everyone’s aim; 

Ten thousand mu of wasteland in total to reclaim.

 

忍心拋筆硯,誓死學犁鋤。

To throw the pen away; 

To learn farming from today.

 

麥韭分高矮,黍粱別細粗。

Wheat from leek to separate;

Millet from sorghum to discriminate.

 

黎明魚貫出,昏黑雁行趨。

To file out at dawn in the farmwork to embark; 

To return as a line of geese after dark.

 

盛夏揮餘汗,隆冬脫剩襦。

Sweat dripping down in scorching summer;

Jacket stripped off in midwinter.

 

赤肩荷一擔,雙足騁長途。

Heavy burden on shoulder, 

A long way on foot to spur.

 

霜劍寒穿骨,風刀痛切膚。

For frost , the bones serving as the butt; 

Biting wind the flesh to cut.

 

飛沙迷淚眼,烈日灼飢軀。

Sealing the weeping eyes, the sandstorm so angry; 

The blazing sun scorching the bodies hungry.

 

食秣寧輸馬,拉犁差勝驢。

To eat fodder as a horse; 

To plough the field as an ass.

 

清香甘薺藿,粗糲悅糠麩。

Wild herbs tasting fragrant; 

Chaff and bran so pleasant.

 

不厭凌晨起,敢辭午夜劬?

Glad to rise early waiting for the sunlight;

Accustomed to work on at midnight.

 

號召胎骨換,信誓腦肝塗。

To remould myself with zest; 

To the end of my life, do my best.

 

不死誠天幸,貪生豈蟻如?

Fortunate enough to remain alive; 

Rather brave death than strive to survive.

 

擂台萬斤畝,挑戰百胎豬。

Ten thousand catties of grains per mu - ridiculous; 

A hundred pigs for one to raise - ludicrous.

 

密植禾苗萎,深翻顆粒無。

Close planting made all the seedlings die; 

Deep ploughing led to utter crop failure, No use to cry.

 

洪流浸泥榻,長臥類僵蜍。

Like stiff toads, we fell into sound sleep.

Awoke to find the mud beds immersed in water deep.

 

罪賤幾人顧,飢寒何處逋?

A despicable criminal, few people care; 

Hunger and cold – shackles for me to bear.

 

映池驚水腫,倚杖病干枯。

A swollen face reflected in the pond ;

A stick in hand to show a feeble vagabond.

 

賴有新交在,肯將舊習除?

Glad to have new friends to afford assistance; 

But unwilling to forget my old acquaintance.

 

低吟胸臆句,偷讀古人書。

Crooning the poems kept in mind; 

Reading stealthily the books by ancients hard to find.

 

儋耳蘇居士,瀟湘屈大夫。

The exile of Su Shi, a famous writer worth veneration;

The drowning of Qu Yuan, a great patriot deserving commenmoration.

 

歷來贊貞觀,後世惜扶蘇。

The prosperity of early Tang appraised ever since; 

The death of Fu Su – the tragedy of a promising prince.

 

悔未營三窟,憐今守一株。

Not so resourceful as a rabbit; 

To find a way out, I have no wit.

 

窮途悲阮籍,歧路泣楊朱。

Ruan Ji weeping for losing his way; 

Yang Zhu sobbing for going astray

 

稚子稱狗崽,嬌妻成老嫫。

They called my son doggie, What a woe! 

That made my wife suddenly old grow .

 

家貧誰慰問,母病孰幫扶?

Who’ll sympathize with the poor? 

Who’ll go to my sick mother’s door?

 

強笑抒幽憤,長歌當咽嗚。

A forced smile, indignance to express;

A song loud and long instead of sobbing no less.

 

夢魂千里返,風雨廿年驅。

To return home far, far away only in dream;

To complete penal servitude for twenty years, an absurd extreme!

 

有日陰霾散,何時心腹刳?

I hope the cloud will be dispelled someday; 

Only then can I pour out my heart happy and gay.

 

狂飆動天地,天地亦唏噓。

The hurricane disturbed the world, none to spare; 

Sobbing and sighing here, there, and everywhere!

 

譯者附記:

    1. 22聯後句:尚幸別賢愚譯者有不同看法。反右運動是針對知識分子的運動,賢者更加不幸,不可能得到優待。所以我故意譯得比較含糊。

    2. 49聯後句:肯將舊習除?理解為肯將舊友忘?而譯出。可能作者是因為不押韻而改。

    3.英譯難免有許多不當之處,押韻也很不道地,但我也已經心力交瘁了。做任何事情,都要集思廣益;我是拋磚引玉,誠懇地盼望先生們對整篇譯詩多多提出寶貴的修改意見。希望在此基礎上修改出第四稿。

    4. 原詩是一首五言六十韻的排律,長達一百二十句,收錄於江宇《蘇北利亞》124頁,廣東省花城出版社2012年出版。 

 

有關資料:

江宇(1937-)旅美作家。祖籍江西永新。1954年畢業於上海市市東中學,同年考入南京東南大學(南京工學院)電力工程系,四年級時被錯劃為右派,其後22年在蘇北勞改農場度過。1982年赴美,做過餐館雜工、電氣工程師和GWC工程公司總裁,2004年退休。業餘寫作,以散文和文學評論為主,曾獲第十五屆聯合報文學獎。擔任過北美洛杉磯華文作家協會會長和名譽會長。著有《蘇北利亞》廣東省花城出版社2012.6初版,同年8月第二次印刷。此書第124頁收錄了血染冰的《憶昔》,一首五言六十韻的排律,長達一百二十句。此詩作者早已去世。

 

1957117日下午,剛剛年滿20歲的南京工學院(今南京東南大學)“右派”學生江宇,在校大禮堂被省高級法院刑事審判庭當場宣判、逮捕,並被連夜押上囚車出城,經過火車、長途汽車、小船、二輪車(自行車)的輾轉解送,來到了一個“像是被鹽漬過,處處都冒著鹽霜”的凄荒之地——位於黃海灘塗的“勞改圍子”。年輕的江宇原本以為,會像押送他的公安說的那樣,“一年半載就會回去的”,然而不曾想,這刑場一般的地方,竟如無法擺脫的夢魘,生生拘困了他22年。直到1979年秋天,江宇才裹著勞改隊的黑色破襖回到南京,這時,他已42歲。時隔33年之後,旅居美國的江宇先生(筆名于疆),將那段沉痛的記憶寫成了一本書,即花城出城社2012年出版的《蘇北利亞》。

…當作者以旅美華人的身份述寫《蘇北利亞》時,更使得這部書具備了穿越時空的滄桑感,表面看是私人記憶,其內容卻不僅限於寫個人,不僅限於寫過去,亦不僅限於寫“蘇北利亞”。這部書在體現個人眼光、個人立場的同時更關注了“大家”——那些和“我”一樣被視同為牲畜或會說話的工具的“同犯”。讀了《蘇北利亞》,我們可以了解作者“一個人的遭遇”,也能看到多數人都難逃脫的命運。這本書的主人公是“我”,也是“我們”;它寫滿了慘絕人寰的苦難,並試圖探究苦難產生的根源。因此,蘇北利亞——這個世界上再也找不到比之更苦的地方——所承載的不只是痛苦記憶,不只是黑色幽默,更背負著歷史的債務。可是當我們習慣於用“史無前例”來指稱那段不堪回首的重大錯誤時,往往持了一種“俱往矣”的輕佻態度,好像那些血淚痛楚都已成了呆賬死賬,真的可以一筆勾銷了。在這樣一個突飛猛進、金錢至上的時代,人們講究的是一切向前(錢)看,誰還糾著那些陳谷子爛芝麻不放,既是不識時務,也是跟自己過不去。然而,在大家樂得放下包袱,與往事乾杯的時候,江宇先生卻還放不下那一堆陳年老賬,把或已湮沒無聞的“蘇北利亞”重新公之於眾,其價值不僅在於它是彌足珍貴的親歷記,還在於它像一面不肯自行鏽腐的銅鏡,它要跟歷史死磕,同時告誡我們:“應該時刻警醒著,記住,再也不能選擇健忘了”。

“蘇北利亞”就是一個製造活死人、製造屍體、製造絕望的地方,它讓加刑、鎮壓、槍決成為家常便飯,讓每個囚徒都有朝不保夕的危機感。江宇說:“這二十二年,我是一天一天、一小時一小時熬過來的。……我想只要堅持下去總會有出路的。”在“蘇北利亞”,想要活下去,除了熬、耗、堅持,還有什麼辦法呢?…總之,在這個被死神統治的地方,想要不死,只能想方設法留下一口氣。好在,江宇的苦熬總算沒有落空,他終於活著走出了“蘇北利亞”。

 

 後三段摘自趙月斌(山東省作家協會文研所所長助理)《爭取活到第二天 <蘇北利亞>讀後》一文